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AC-13-PCNA型样

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描述

呈现形态多样的颗粒状荧光，且颗粒大小和亮度不一；在G1期，部分间期细胞阴性，但在S期则有较强的荧光。此外，在S晚期和G2早期的细胞可呈现零星颗粒荧光，核仁偶有荧光，分裂期细胞阴性。

 Pleomorphic speckled nucleoplasmic staining, with variability in size and brightness of the speckles. In interphase, some cells are negative (G1 phase), some are intensely stained (S-phase) and some present rare and scattered speckles with occasional nucleolar staining (late S and early G2 phases). Mitotic cells are not stained.
抗原相关性 增殖细胞核抗原 PCNA

  • 临床相关性

    一级信息

    关于临床相关性和缩写列表

    Clinical Relevance

    First level information

    About Clinical Relevance & List of Abbreviations

  • ►曾经认为AC-13核型对系统性红斑狼疮具有高度特异性，但这种特异性存在争议（69,70）

    ►如果临床上疑似系统性红斑狼疮，建议进行PCNA抗体检测；几种常规的ENA谱中包含此抗原（69）

    ►抗原特异性免疫检测的最新研究表明，与系统性硬化症，自身免疫性肌病，类风湿关节炎，丙型肝炎和其他疾病也有临床相关性（70-73）


    ► The AC-13 pattern has formerly been considered highly specific for SLE, but this specificity is debated (69, 70)

    ► If SLE is clinically suspected, it is recommended to perform a follow-up test for anti-PCNA antibodies; the antigen is included in several routine ENA profiles (69)

    ► Recent studies with antigen-specific immunoassays show clinical associations also with SSc, AIM, RA, HCV, and other conditions (70–73)

  • 一级信息参考文献
    First level information references

  • 69. Miyachi K, Fritzler MJ, Tan EM. Autoantibody to a nuclear antigen in proliferating cells. J Immunol 1978;121:2228–34.

    70. Vermeersch P, De Beeck KO, Lauwerys BR, et al. Antinuclear antibodies directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen are not specifically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:1791–3.

    71. Mahler M, Burlingame RW, Wu J, et al. Serological and clinical associations of anti-PCNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus detected by a novel chemiluminescence assay. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63.

    72. Mahler M, Miyachi K, Peebles C, et al. The clinical significance of autoantibodies to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Autoimmun Rev 2012;11:771–5.

    73. Hsu TC, Tsay GJ, Chen TY, et al. Anti-PCNA autoantibodies preferentially recognize C-terminal of PCNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2006;144:110–6.

    69. Miyachi K, Fritzler MJ, Tan EM. Autoantibody to a nuclear antigen in proliferating cells. J Immunol 1978;121:2228–34.

    70. Vermeersch P, De Beeck KO, Lauwerys BR, et al. Antinuclear antibodies directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen are not specifically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:1791–3.

    71. Mahler M, Burlingame RW, Wu J, et al. Serological and clinical associations of anti-PCNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus detected by a novel chemiluminescence assay. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63.

    72. Mahler M, Miyachi K, Peebles C, et al. The clinical significance of autoantibodies to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Autoimmun Rev 2012;11:771–5.

    73. Hsu TC, Tsay GJ, Chen TY, et al. Anti-PCNA autoantibodies preferentially recognize C-terminal of PCNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2006;144:110–6.

  • 二级信息
    Second level information

  • ►在推导AC-13核型与经典35 kDa PCNA（DNA聚合酶δ辅助蛋白的延伸因子）的抗体之间相关性的主要挑战是：已知“ PCNA”是一种大分子复合物，其中存在除“经典”35kDa PCNA之外的其他靶抗原。此外，许多其他明显不相关的靶抗原也可以通过间接免疫荧光法-HEp-2基质产生类似AC-13的核型（27）

    ► A major challenge in deriving an association of the AC‐13 pattern with antibodies to the classical 35 kDa PCNA (elongation factor of DNA polymerase delta auxiliary protein) is that “PCNA” is known to be a macromolecular complex where targets other than the ‘classical’ 35 kDa PCNA are present. In addition, a number of other apparently unrelated targets can also produce an AC‐13‐like pattern by HEp‐2 IIFA (27)
  • 二级信息参考文献
    Second level information references

  • 27. Takeuchi K, Kaneda K, Kawakami I, et al. Autoantibodies recognizing proteins copurified with PCNA in patients with connective tissue diseases. Mol Biol Rep 1996;23:243‐6.

    27. Takeuchi K, Kaneda K, Kawakami I, et al. Autoantibodies recognizing proteins copurified with PCNA in patients with connective tissue diseases. Mol Biol Rep 1996;23:243‐6.

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